GRE议论文系列想写好作文，开篇一段都不能少。

从本科升入研究生院，不可缺少的硬指标之一是GRE。

GRE正式被称为Graduate Record Examination，是世界各地的大学研究生院要求申请人提交的入学考试成绩，分为Verbal/Math/Essay三个项目。

在Essay中，分为两大写作任务： argument和issue。

这个系列以代理为中心展开。

作为GRE初学者的小白的你，可能会对以下问题感兴趣。 Argument的评分标准是什么？ 考试形式是什么？ 有句俗话说万事开头难，Argument的第一段通常应该怎么下笔呢？ 评分标准GRE为满分6分，Issue和Argument分开评分，再取平均值，以0.5分为1级。

一般来说，理工科附近的学校要求学生的作文分数在3-3.5之间； 人文社科类稍高，为4-4.5左右。

与verbal和math相比，由于写作技能和逻辑思维的不足，作文一直是大部分中国学生的薄弱环节，多年的平均分数徘徊在3分左右。

要打破所谓的三点魔咒，首先从了解argument essay的考试形式开始吧。

考试形式的Argument Essay，俗称驳论文，由1 .论文段落2 .主题指示构成的学生先阅读屏幕上的论文，根据主题指示要求，找出这句话中的逻辑错误，进行驳倒，最终写出文章，证明原结论推理的合理性

(你的想法是正确的。 就是让你单杠！ ( 01议论文段落的变化各不相同，这里作为公式的例子，可以举出insurveysmasoncityresidentsrankwatersports ( swimming， boatingandfishing ( amongtheirfavoriterecreationalactivities.themasonriverflowingthroughthecityisrarelyusedforthesepursuits ) andthecityparkdepartmentdevoteslittleofitsbudgettomaintainingriversiderecreationalfacilities.foryearstherehavebencomplaints fthe river ' swaterandtheriver ' s smell.in response， thestatehasrecentlyannouncedplanstocleanupmasonriver.useoftheriverforwatersportsisthereforesuretoincrease.the city governmenmens remoneyinthisyear ' sbudgettoriversiderecreationalfacilities.02主题指示此处的主题，主要包括四个类别( evidence/question/assumption ) evidence类： writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatspecificevidenceisneedtoevaluatetheargumentandexplainhowtheeevidencewouded nt.question类： writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatquestionswouldneedtobeansweredinordertodecidewecide ertherecommendationisise lt.besuretoexplainhowtheanswerstothesequestionswouldhelptoevaluatetherecommmon dation.assumption类： writearesponseinwhichichion orunstatedassumptionsoftheargument.besuretoexplainhowtheargumentdependsontheseassumptionsandwhattheimplicationsarefortheargu arranted.explanation类： writearesponseinwhichyoudiscussoneormorealternativeexplanationsthatcouldrivation oposedexplanationation s ) canplausiblyaccountforthefactspresentedintheargument .这里需要注意的是一定要区分不同的主题指示类别

听到evidence的主题，一定要指出必要的论据； 要问assumption的主题，必须正面探讨和类推各种可能的假设。

绝对不要回答问题哦！ 开篇段落写法小编在采访了各路大佬之后，总结了前言段落的三个关键步骤(1)整理原论文段落的结论、论据，与议论文一定有明确的论点，论点前后，一定有具体详细的论据支持

反驳之前，你必须阅读主题提供的议论文段落。

通常，论文段落由一个论点的三个论据组成。

不用说，使用前面提到的公式的例子， 论点：演示thecitygovernmentshouldforthatreasondevotemoremoneyinthisyear ' sbudgettoriversiderecreationalfacilities .资金支持河边的娱乐设施esidentsrankwatersports ( swimming，boatingandfishing ( amongtheirfavoriterecreationalactivities.however，themasonriverflon

论据2:foryearstherehavebeencomplaintsfromresidentsaboutthequalityoftheriver ' swaterandtheriver ' s smell .许多市民抱怨水流的质量和气味

论据3:thestatehasrecentlyannouncedplanstocleanupmasonriver.useoftheriverforwatersportsisthereforesuretoincrease .政府决定清理河道

)改写原议论文的段落，总结argument阅读议论文的段落，并找出一个论点三个论据后，我们接下来要做的就是改写，然后总结这个argument。

改写是指遵循“即使结构发生变化，词语的意思也不会改变”的原则。 例如，according to the author thecitygovernmentshouldallocateincreasedfundingtoimproveriversiderecreationalfacilitiesduesduetoafewreafewreatioafed including the city’s resident’sloveofwatersports，theharmfulenvironmentalcondition，and the clean-up announcement.onacccccount.onatid theauthorarguesthemasoncitygovernmentoughttodevotemoremoneytoriversiderecreationalfacilities.(3)根据主题指示写主旨句前介绍了主题指示

整理重写后，我们要正式提出自己反驳的主旨，用一个主旨句指挥全文。

针对四种主题类型，小编为你整理了四个主旨句的万能模板，一起来看看吧！ Evidence类： inordertofullyevaluatethisargument，weneedtohaveasignificantamountofadditionalevidence.theargumentcouldencouldendupbbbbet oritmightactuallybequitevalid.inordertomakethatdetermination、 weneedtoknowmorethenanalyzewhatwelearn .例如： thefollowingappearedinamemofromthedirectorofstudenthousingatbuckinghamcollege.'。 ts，buckinghamcollegeshouldbuildanumberofnewdormitories.Buckingham ' senrollmentisgrowingand，based on current trends，will thusmakingexistingdormitoryspaceinadequate.moreover，theaveragerentforanapartmentinourtownhasriseninrecentyears.consequent studentswillfinditincreasinglydifficulttoaffordoff-campus housing.finally， attractivenewdormitorieswouldmakeprospectivestudentsmorelikelytoenrollatbuckingham.' writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusssswhatspecspectspechatspechatspechatspectspechatttspecttspor idenceisneededtoevaluatetheargumentandexplainhowtheevidencewouldweakenorstrengthentheargument .其中， 结论是buckinghamcollegeshouldbuildanumberofnewdormitories，论据包括“Buckingham ' senrollmentisgrowing…inadequate”； )2)“theaveragerentforanapartment…toaffordoff-campus housing”(3) )。 通过标题为“attractivenewdormitories…toenrollatbuckingham .”，可以看出这是evidence类的提问方法。 也可以考虑以万能模板为基础，写一篇主旨为inordertoevaluatetherecommendatation的文章。 ”weneedmoreinformationabouttheenrollmenttrendofbuckinghamcollege，theexactrentsoftheoff-campus housing， sudents’financialbackgroundandhowprospectivestudentsmaketheirchoices.wecouldanalyzewhatwelearnandthenmakethefinaldecision

后面的中间段沿着这四个点展开写。

Question类： toevaluatethesoundnessoftherecommendation、 weneedtoaskanumberofquestionsrelatedtodifferentaspectsofthearguments .示例： thefollowingappearedinamemofromthemayorofbrindleburindlebuburements Two years ago，thetownofseasidevistaopenedanewmunicipalgolfcourseandresorthotel.since then， theseasidevistatourismboardhasreporteda 20 % increase in visitors.in addition、 localbanksreportedasteepriseinthenumberofnewbusinessloanapplicationstheyreceivedthisyear.theamountoftaxmoneycollectedbyseasion ed， allowingthetowntoannounceplanstoimproveseasidevista ' sroadsandbridges.werecommendbuildingasimilargolfcourseandresorthotelin jectwillgenerateadditionaltaxrevenuethatthecitycanusetofundmuch-neededpublicimprovements.wri ICT seinwhichyoudiscusssswhatquestquestquesquesth ordertodecidewhethertherecommendationislikelytohavethepredictedresult。 besuretoexplainhowtheanswerstothesequestionswouldhelptoevaluatetherecommendation .这里的结论是“werecommendbuildingasimilargolfcououourecondation” leburg”，然后论据是， (1) a20 % increaseinvisitorsasteepriseinthenumberofnewbusiness (2) announcementtoimprootocol )3) generation of tax revenue主旨onofagolfcourseandaresorthotelintowntogeneratemoretaxrevenuefotel ( themaxrevenuetaxrevenuefotel ) thow nto ncinginfrastrastuructureturetureioretion leofthetownseasidevistawhomadesimilarmoves、hearguesthattheprojectswillattractmorevisitors、 stimulatelocalbusinessactivitiesandhelpthelocalgovernmentcollectmoremoney.toevaluatethesoundnessoftherecommmendation、 weneedtoaskanumberofquestionsrelatedtodifferentaspectsofthearguments，includingtheresourcesfortourism， theeconomicstructureandthetaxationpoliciesofbrindleburgtoevaluatetheargument .此处的" resources for tourism "、" economicstructuructucturism "

Assumption类： anumberofassumptionshavebeenmadeexplicitlythroughouttheargumentandweneedtoexaminesuchassumptionscronscrition tisconvincing .示例： thefollowingappearedinaletterfromahomeownertoafriend.' ofthetwoleadingrealestatefirmate ur town—adamsream in contrast，Fitch has 25，manyofwhomworkonlypart-time.moreover，ADAMS ' revenuelastyearwastwiceashighastoffitchanditclhandinclover 000，compared to Fitch ' s $ 144，000.homeslistedwithadamssellfasteraswell:tenyearsagoilistedmyhomewithfitch，andittttookmokmokmoratch last year，when I sold another home，I listed it with Adams，and it took only one month. Thus，ifyouwanttosellyourhomequicklyandatagodatatagodatagodd youshoulduseadamsrealty.writearesponseinwhichyouexaminethestatedand/orunstatedassumptionsoftheargument.besuretoexplainhowtheargumentdependsontheseassumptionsandwhattheimplicationsarefortheargu arranted .这里的结论是“ifyouwanttosellyourhomequicklyandatagoodprice，you should use Adams Realty”，论据是( in contrast，Fitch hatch ) manyofwhomworkonlypart-time”(2)“ADAMS ' revenuelastyearwastwiceashighasthatoffitch”(3)“homeslistedwithadadamssellflfitch” er，adamsisabetterrealestatefirmandshouldbeusedinordertosellthehomefastandgetagooddealbecauseithasmorefull-time agents， betterhomesalesrecords.toassessthisargument，weneedtoexaminecriticallyanumberofassumptionsabouttheworkforcesizeandfull-tizeandfull the averagepricesandthetime required to sell a home .这里的workforce size，average price和timerequiredtosellahome分别对应于论据中列举的三点

Explanation类： thereareanumberofrivalexplanationsthatweneedtoexplorebeforewecanassessthestrengthoftheargument.recently、 butterhasbeenreplacedbymargarineinhappypancakehouserestaurantsthroughouthesouthwesternunitedstates.this change，however， hashadlittleimpactonourcustomers.infact，only about2percentofcustomershavecomplained， indicatingthatanaverageof 98 people out of 100 arehappywiththechange.further more、 manyservershavereportedthatanumberofcustomerswhoaskforbutterdonotcomplainwhentheyaregivenmargarineinstead.clearly， eitherthesecustomersdonotdistinguishbutterfrommargarineortheyusetheterm ' butter ' torefertoeitherbutterormargarine.' writea ernativeexplanationsthatcouldrivaltheproposedexplanationandexplainhowyourexplanation ( canplausiblyaccountforthefactspresenteded 是acingbutterwithmargarinehashadlittleimpactonourcustomers”。 论据如下： (1) only about2percentofcustomershavecomplained； )2) serversreportanumberofcustomerswhoaskforbutterdonotcomplainwhentheyaregivenmargarineinstead。

这里和上面的例子不同，只找到了两个论据，但主旨文的格式是一样的。 让我们一起看看： thebusinessmanagerofhpharguesthatreplacingbutterwithmargarinehadlittleinfluenceontheircustomersbasedonhisinterprepred 2 ) customersdidnotcomplainaboutthereplacementaccordingtotheservers.thereareanumberofrivalexplanationsthatwenedtoexplorebefers oftheargument .完成此步骤后，根据相应主题的提示添加了之前改写过的论文段落，然后完成了GRE Argument Essay的开头。 怎么样，一步一步慢慢来，不像你想象的那么难吗？